Solar Variations due to global warming

The average temperature on Earth depends largely on the flow of solar radiation. However, because the only energy input varies over time, not considered to be an important contribution to climate variability. This happens because the Sun is a G type star main sequence phase, which is very stable. The radiation flux is also the driving force of atmospheric phenomena as it provides the necessary energy to the atmosphere so that they develop.

Moreover, long-term variations are significant because the sun increases in brightness at a rate of 10% in 1000 million years. Because of this phenomenon in the early Earth that supported the birth of life, 3800 million years ago, the Sun’s brightness was 70% of the current.

Variations in the solar magnetic field and therefore the emission of solar wind are also important, as the interaction of Earth’s upper atmosphere with particles from the sun can cause chemical reactions in one way or another, changing the composition of air and clouds and the formation of them.

The solar cycle

The best-known solar variation is that of the sunspot cycles of 11 years. Heinrich Schwabe was the first to observe the cyclical variation in the number of sunspots between 1826 and 1843 and led Rudolf Wolf to make systematic observations starting in 1848. The delay in recognizing this periodicity of the Sun is very rare due to the behavior of the Sun during the seventeenth century.

The number of sunspots has been measured since 1700 and there are indirect estimates of the past 11,000 years.